When it comes to oral hygiene, brushing and flossing are widely recognised as essential steps in maintaining a healthy mouth. However, one crucial aspect of oral care is often overlooked—tongue cleaning. The tongue harbours millions of bacteria, food debris, and dead cells that can contribute to bad breath (halitosis), dental disease, and even systemic health issues.

Despite its importance, tongue cleaning is frequently neglected. According to the British Dental Association (BDA), incorporating tongue cleaning into your daily oral hygiene routine can significantly reduce bacterial buildup, freshen breath, and improve taste sensation.

In this guide, we explore why tongue cleaning is essential, the most effective techniques, and common mistakes to avoid—ensuring that you achieve optimal oral health.

Why Is Tongue Cleaning Important for Oral Health?

The Role of the Tongue in Oral Hygiene

The tongue is a breeding ground for bacteria, fungi, and food debris. Unlike the smooth surfaces of teeth, the tongue’s rough texture allows bacteria to accumulate in crevices, leading to:

• Persistent bad breath (halitosis)
• Increased plaque buildup and risk of gum disease
• Altered taste sensation
• Potential links to systemic diseases

Research from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) highlights that poor oral hygiene, including inadequate tongue cleaning, can contribute to oral infections and chronic inflammatory conditions.

If you brush and floss daily but still experience bad breath or oral discomfort, failing to clean your tongue might be the missing link in your oral hygiene routine.

The Key Benefits of Regular Tongue Cleaning

1. Prevents Bad Breath (Halitosis)

One of the most common causes of chronic bad breath is the buildup of volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs) on the tongue. These compounds, produced by bacteria, create an unpleasant odour. According to a study published in the PubMed Central, regular tongue cleaning can reduce VSC levels by up to 75%.

2. Reduces Oral Bacteria and Plaque Formation

Bacteria on the tongue contribute to plaque buildup on teeth and along the gum line, increasing the risk of periodontal disease and tooth decay. Research from Public Health England supports the role of comprehensive oral care, including tongue cleaning, in reducing oral bacterial load and improving gum health.

3. Enhances Taste Perception

A coated tongue can lead to diminished taste sensitivity, as bacteria and debris interfere with the function of taste buds. Regular tongue cleaning removes this layer, helping you experience flavours more vividly.

4. Supports Overall Health

Oral bacteria don’t just affect the mouth—they can enter the digestive and respiratory systems, potentially contributing to systemic inflammation and conditions such as cardiovascular disease. The British Heart Foundation acknowledges the link between oral bacteria and heart disease, reinforcing the importance of maintaining good oral hygiene. 

How to Clean Your Tongue Effectively

1. Using a Tongue Scraper

A tongue scraper is a simple but highly effective tool designed to remove bacteria and debris from the tongue’s surface. Studies show that tongue scrapers can reduce bacterial presence by up to 30% more than using a toothbrush alone.

How to Use a Tongue Scraper:

• Stick out your tongue and place the scraper at the back.
• Gently pull the scraper forward, removing the debris.
• Rinse the scraper after each pass.
• Repeat 2–3 times until your tongue appears clean and pink.

2. Using a Toothbrush for Tongue Cleaning

If a tongue scraper isn’t available, you can use a toothbrush, though it may not be as effective in removing coated bacteria.

Best Practices:

• Use a soft-bristled toothbrush.
• Brush your tongue in gentle circular motions.
• Focus on the back of the tongue, where most bacteria accumulate.
• Rinse thoroughly.

3. Incorporating Antibacterial Mouthwash

Using a clinically approved antibacterial mouthwash after tongue cleaning can further reduce oral bacteria and freshen breath. Look for mouthwashes containing chlorhexidine or zinc compounds, recommended by the Oral Health Foundation. 

Common Tongue Cleaning Mistakes to Avoid

1. Neglecting the Back of the Tongue

The posterior tongue harbours the most bacteria. Ensure you clean as far back as comfortably possible.

2. Using Excessive Force

Pressing too hard can damage taste buds and irritate the tongue. A gentle but firm approach is best.

3. Skipping Tongue Cleaning in Your Routine

For best results, clean your tongue twice daily, just like brushing your teeth.

4. Using an Ineffective Tool

Not all toothbrushes are designed for tongue cleaning. A tongue scraper is significantly more effective at removing biofilm and bacteria.

FAQs About Tongue Cleaning

1. How often should I clean my tongue?

You should clean your tongue twice a day, once in the morning and once before bed, as part of your oral hygiene routine.

2. Can tongue cleaning replace brushing and flossing?

No. Tongue cleaning is a complementary practice that enhances oral hygiene but does not replace toothbrushing and flossing.

3. Does tongue cleaning improve breath freshness?

Yes! Removing bacteria and food debris significantly reduces bad breath and improves oral freshness.

4. Is using a toothbrush for tongue cleaning as effective as a scraper?

While a toothbrush can help, a tongue scraper is more efficient at removing bacteria and plaque from the tongue’s surface.

5. Should I use mouthwash after tongue cleaning?

Yes, using an antibacterial mouthwash post-cleaning can provide additional bacterial reduction and freshen breath.

Final Thoughts

Tongue cleaning is a vital yet often neglected aspect of oral hygiene. By incorporating daily tongue cleaning into your routine, you can prevent bad breath, reduce bacteria, enhance taste sensation, and improve overall health.

Would you like to learn more about professional dental care and preventive oral health strategies? Visit the British Dental Association for expert insights and guidance.